Abstract
The role of adenovirus infection in the SARS is significant but every year this group of infections makes up to 30 % of general infectious morbidity. Nowadays features of nonspecific immune defence in patients with adenovirus infection are insufficiently studied. Particularly acute AVI problem appears to clinicians and scientists as a contagious disease, which is rapidly spreading in organized collectives, among military personnel, students. Purpose. To study the reactive response of polymorphonuclear granulocytes in the peripheral blood of adult patients with adenovirus infection. Materials and methods. 37 volunteers with SARS signs (Unified Protocol Criteria) were involved in this “case – control” type study. Absolute and relative quantities of the main immune cells populations in the peripheral blood were analyzed. Immunohematological indicators which characterize reactive response of the main non-specific immune cells were calculated. Clinical diagnosis was confirmed by the serological method of complement fixation test in paired sera and using adenoviruses common soluble complement-fixing antigen. Results. Neutrophil granulocytes reactivity increased by 83.92 % indicating these cells activation by cytokine system. The inflammatory process is accompanied by an increase in leukocytes absolute count – 19.76 %, band neutrophil leukocytes - in 2.18 times; lymphocytes – 30.30 % and monocytes – 48.15 %. Conclusions. Aforementioned means that there are different types of immune response to adenovirus infection antigens. Patients immune reactivity decreasing by 14.86 % means that specific immune response is formed later. Method of neutrophils reactive response evaluation can be used by practicing doctors for the early prediction of possible anti-infectious protection system alteration.
Highlights
According to official statistics last year in Ukraine about 5.5 million cases of acute respiratory viral infections were registered in the epidemic season
Considering immunopathogenesis of Adenovirus infection (AVI) we note that monocytes / macrophages, T-cells and neutrophils that produce cytokines are involved in response to the viral entry
In young people with mild to moderate AVI course phagocytic activity of polymorphonuclear neutrophils decreased by 15.96 %
Summary
According to official statistics last year in Ukraine about 5.5 million cases of acute respiratory viral infections were registered in the epidemic season. Adenovirus infection (AVI) ranges among the first “five” in the human diseases structure of acute respiratory viral infections, by the prevalence among various populations and clinical outcomes [1]. Adenovirus recognized as an agent of various syndromes and clinical forms: pharyngoconjunctival fever, gastroenteritis, hemorrhagic cystitis, virus-associated pneumonia, mesadenitis; adenoviruses carcinogenicity has been proved [7,8]. Adenoviruses cause both innate and adaptive immune responses. Cell-mediated immunity is essential for host defense against many viruses, including adenoviruses. Fatal AVI mostly develop in immunodeficient patients, with defects in cellular immunity [2,5]
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