Abstract
The aim of this review is to highlight how, in a syngeneic system, human mononuclear phagocytes respond to environments containing human adenovirus (HAdV) and soluble extracellular proteins that influence their innate immune response. Soluble extracellular proteins, including immunoglobulins, blood clotting factors, proteins of the complement system, and/or antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) can exert direct effects by binding to a virus capsid that modifies interactions with pattern recognition receptors and downstream signaling. In addition, the presence, generation, or secretion of extracellular proteins can indirectly influence the response to HAdVs via the activation and recruitment of cells at the site of infection.
Highlights
The aim of this review is to highlight how, in a syngeneic system, human mononuclear phagocytes respond to environments containing human adenovirus (HAdV) and soluble extracellular proteins that influence their innate immune response
We highlight how human mononuclear phagocytes respond to a milieu containing human adenoviruses (HAdVs) or HAdV-based vectors and an array of soluble extracellular proteins
antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are secreted by epithelial cells and/or immune cells; Abs can be found in the systemic circulation or in the mucosa, complement components and coagulation factors are in the plasma [18]
Summary
Soluble extracellular proteins englobe a spectrum of compounds that are secreted from cells in their mature form or modified by extracellular processing [16]. Albumin (54%), globulins (37%) and fibrinogen (7%) represent the major constituents [17]. Antibodies (Abs) are the first globulins to come to mind when considering a response to viruses. Complement components and antimicrobial peptides (or proteins) (AMPs) make up a small proportion of serum components, their impact on innate and adaptive immune responses is considerable. AMPs are secreted by epithelial cells and/or immune cells; Abs can be found in the systemic circulation or in the mucosa, complement components and coagulation factors are in the plasma [18]
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