Abstract

Pituitary adenomas (PA) are a rare and heterogeneous group, mainly benign, of central nervous system lesions. Non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) account for 25-35% of PA; in adulthood macroadenomas are the commonest. Silent gonadotroph adenomas are the most frequent AH's subtype (70-90% of all NFPAs). Symptoms are related with mass effects of the tumor on the surrounding tissues or with hypopituitarism. AHs are diagnosed by imaging tests, mainly contrast magnetic resonance imaging. In order to discard hormone disorders, endocrine analysis has to be performed. Neuro-ophthalmological study has to be carried out in adenomas involving optic chiasm and/or cavernous sinuses, as well as in patients with visual symptoms. Trans-sphenoidal surgery is the primary treatment for symptomatic or large NFPA.

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