Addressing the Retrolingual Space in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Outcomes Stratified by Friedman Stage in Patients Undergoing Transoral Robotic Surgery

Abstract

Background/Aims: To stratify outcomes in patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) undergoing transoral robotic surgery (TORS) ± multilevel procedures according to Friedman stage. Methods: A total of 118 patients with moderate to severe OSAHS between 2010 and 2013 were stratified preoperatively by Friedman stage. All patients had TORS-assisted lingual tonsillectomy, either stand-alone or in combination with palatal surgery. Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was measured preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. Success was defined as a decrease in AHI by 50% and AHI <20. Results: The average pre- and postoperative AHI was 43.0 and 22.6, respectively, and the overall success rate was 63%. When stratifying by Friedman stage, success was seen in 75% of stage I, 70% of stage II, 66% of stage III, and 10% of stage IV patients. When stratifying by preoperative BMI, success was seen in 75% of stage II and 72% of stage III patients with BMI <30, compared to 58% of stage II and 56% of stage III patients with BMI >30. Conclusions: TORS-assisted lingual tonsillectomy ± multilevel procedures can be successful in treating patients with moderate to severe OSAHS with Friedman stage I-III anatomy. Success rates are even greater if patients are stratified according to preoperative BMI, as those with BMI <30 are more likely to achieve success even with Friedman stage II-III anatomy.