Abstract

Background: Many times there is a misalignment on medical-surgical units nursing assignments that do not provide equitable distribution of the patient needs for the unit.Purpose: The purpose of the literature review was to identify resources that address patient acuity and nurse staffing issues in the acute care setting.Method: A literature review using the EBSCOhost health search engine, which included databases from Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Google Scholar, and ProQuest.Results: The future of nursing is moving toward staffing based on patient acuity. Chiulli, Thompson, and Reguin-Hartman (2014) developed an acuity tool because it was discovered that there was no appropriate “assessment tool…for [the] medical-surgical patient population” (p. 10). However, nurses are not guaranteed adequate staffing based on acuity regardless of what is determined by use of the tool. Recommended is that further studies need to be conducted using the Chiulli et al. tool.

Highlights

  • ResultsThe future of nursing is moving toward staffing based on patient acuity. Chiulli, Thompson, and Reguin-Hartman (2014) developed an acuity tool because it was discovered that there was no appropriate “assessment tool...for [the] medical-surgical patient population” (p. 10)

  • Kalisch, Gosselin, and Choi (2012) identified that missed nursing care could be traced back to inadequate nursing resources, including inadequate staffing skill mix

  • Failure to rescue (FTR) was a term coined by Silber, Sankey, Krakauer, and Schwartz in 1992 that has become standard terminology in the research literature and is used by the Agency for Health Care Quality as a safety indicator

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Summary

Results

The future of nursing is moving toward staffing based on patient acuity. Chiulli, Thompson, and Reguin-Hartman (2014) developed an acuity tool because it was discovered that there was no appropriate “assessment tool...for [the] medical-surgical patient population” (p. 10). The future of nursing is moving toward staffing based on patient acuity. Chiulli, Thompson, and Reguin-Hartman (2014) developed an acuity tool because it was discovered that there was no appropriate “assessment tool...for [the] medical-surgical patient population” Nurses are not guaranteed adequate staffing based on acuity regardless of what is determined by use of the tool. Recommended is that further studies need to be conducted using the Chiulli et al tool

Introduction
Background
Review of the Literature
Acuity of Patients in Medical-Surgical Units
Failure to Rescue
Nurse to Patient Ratio
Vital Monitoring of Patients
Electronic Notification of Patient Condition
Identifying and Fixing of Safety Failures
Addressing Multiple Critical Event Occurrences
Staffing Laws and Regulations
Acuity Measurement Tools
3.10 Determining Nurse Competencies
Conclusion

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