Addressing attrition in the Indian IT industry: Evaluating the efficacy of a motivation and engagement model

Abstract

This study traces the development of the Indian IT sector from TCS's founding in 1967 to its emergence as a multibillion-dollar sector in 2023. Many IT firms were set up in India after the establishment of the firm TCS with Tier 1 and Tier 2 categories, based on their size, revenue, and other factors., etc. Analyzed are two of the issues of the IT sector: a high attrition rate and low employee engagement. The reasons behind these are identified, and a methodology is created to raise employee satisfaction and lower the attrition rate in the Indian IT industry. News articles in publications including Times of India, Hindustan Times, Deccan Herald, Economic Times, and LiveMint provided information about the Indian IT industry. Google Scholar provided keywords such as "Indian IT Sector," "Employee Motivation," "Employee Engagement," "Job Satisfaction," and "Attrition." For every keyword searched from 1980 to 2022, the top 20 referenced papers were found. A total of 77 publications were reviewed, and their abstracts were examined to determine their applicability to the study question. Additionally, a number of OB and HRM textbooks were searched for information about the keywords. Definitions of motivation, employee engagement, job satisfaction, and attrition rate that are pertinent to the research study are created from a systematic literature analysis, giving these concepts more conceptual clarity. A model that connects attrition rate, job satisfaction, employee engagement, and motivation is built. Theoretical inferences of the model are examined, including the inclusion of individual characteristics, organisational commitment, and turnover intentions. The model's practical implications, such as its application in the business world and in nations with different cultural norms, are examined. Lastly, a discussion of the study's limitations is included, as the model was created using a limited number of variables.