Abstract
Owing to the reduced defects, low cost, and high efficiency, the additive manufacturing (AM) technique has attracted increasingly attention and has been applied in high-entropy alloys (HEAs) in recent years. It was found that AM-processed HEAs possess an optimized microstructure and improved mechanical properties. However, no report has been proposed to review the application of the AM method in preparing bulk HEAs. Hence, it is necessary to introduce AM-processed HEAs in terms of applications, microstructures, mechanical properties, and challenges to provide readers with fundamental understanding. Specifically, we reviewed (1) the application of AM methods in the fabrication of HEAs and (2) the post-heat treatment effect on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties. Compared with the casting counterparts, AM-HEAs were found to have a superior yield strength and ductility as a consequence of the fine microstructure formed during the rapid solidification in the fabrication process. The post-treatment, such as high isostatic pressing (HIP), can further enhance their properties by removing the existing fabrication defects and residual stress in the AM-HEAs. Furthermore, the mechanical properties can be tuned by either reducing the pre-heating temperature to hinder the phase partitioning or modifying the composition of the HEA to stabilize the solid-solution phase or ductile intermetallic phase in AM materials. Moreover, the processing parameters, fabrication orientation, and scanning method can be optimized to further improve the mechanical performance of the as-built-HEAs.
Highlights
High-entropy alloys (HEAs) and multi-principal-element (MPE) alloys were proposed by Yeh [1]and Cantor [2] in the 2000s, respectively, attracting increasing interest all over the world
We review the application of additive manufacturing (AM) of in their microstructures, mechanical properties, andcurrent deformation and compare them with
The selective beam deposition melting (SEBM) sample along the building direction (BD) exhibited improved properties, but the reduced yield strength and plasticity were found in samples perpendicular to the build direction (BD)
Summary
High-entropy alloys (HEAs) and multi-principal-element (MPE) alloys were proposed by Yeh [1]. Entropy 2018, 20, 937 method, additive manufacturing (AM), a flexible processing technique, has been applied to the fabrication of HEAs to produce materials with a complex geometry. Science field hasbecoming been broadly applied inimportant the industry for manufacturing products withhas complex technique hasand been increasingly in the materials science field and been shapes. Several efficiency decrease the production cost due to the combined advantage of the net-shaping capability methods based on the AM concept were developed commonly used in manufacturing products. They are classified as the laser metal deposition (LMD), selective (SLM, (LMD), called commonly used in manufacturing products.
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