Abstract
Studies have shown positive correlations between inflammatory cytokines interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and the development of chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease. The objective of our study was to investigate effects of tart cherry extract, a mixture of tart cherry anthocyanins, and an isolated tart cherry anthocyanin in reducing IL‐6. Since we have previously shown that adipose tissue stem cells secrete higher levels of IL‐6 when compared to adipocytes and macrophages, we investigated the effect of tart cherry extract in primary adipose stem cells isolated from obese, leptin deficient ob/ob mice. Since atorvastatin calcium (lipitor) has been independently shown to reduce inflammatory responses, using in vitro stem cell cultures, we also tested the additive effects of tart cherry and lipitor on IL‐6 secretion. Results showed that LPS‐induced adipose stem cell secretion of IL‐6 is reduced with the tart cherry extract, a mixture of tart cherry anthocyanins, and tart cherry cyanidin‐3‐O‐glucoside (C3G) in a dose‐dependent manner. In addition, lipitor added together with tart cherry extract and tart cherry anthocyanins mixture exhibited additive inhibitory effects. These results support potential benefits of using dietary phytochemicals in conjunction with pharmacological therapies to decrease adipose inflammation, drug doses, and ultimately, drug‐induced adverse effects.
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