Abstract
Stem solidness in wheat is an important architectural trait to support the erect behavior of the plant. The varieties with high yield potential due to increased sink strength tend to lodge either because of poor anchorage or weak stem. The solid stem can partially counter the tradeoff between biomass driven yield gain irrespective of the plant height. Stem solidness being a complex trait with highly variable expressivity, understanding its genetic behavior in different genetic backgrounds is highly essential to integrate this trait in the breeding program. In this study, the expressivity of a solid stem in different internodes was investigated in nine F2 populations selected from 34 F1s (solid stem × hollow stem and hollow stem × hollow stem). The progeny of solid stem type F1 plants from hollow stem parents indicated the complementation of favorable alleles dispersed among the parents. Non-confirmation to digenic complementary (9:7) model of inheritance and polynomial distribution of the trait in all F2 populations indicates multiple factors complementation in the additive fashion for stem solidness.
Highlights
Wheat is the principal staple food of the world with a sizeable contribution from India, is the most important crop for global food supply
To address those shortcomings of the past studies, a comprehensive genetic study was carried out in multiple genetic backgrounds comprising of nine F2 populations which included both the hollow × hollow and solid × hollow stem type of cross combinations to understand the expressivity of stem solidness in different genetic combinations, to find out better parental combinations and superior recombinants from the progenies
The solid stem was never been explored by Indian breeders because of no major threat from stem sawfly, borer insects and comparatively lower incidence of lodging
Summary
Wheat is the principal staple food of the world with a sizeable contribution from India, is the most important crop for global food supply. Integration of stem solidness especially in lower internodes with better root plate seems to be a plausible option to relatively meet the requirement of biomass and the requisite strength to hold heavier spikes[4,6]. Most of the past genetic studies are based on a single bi-parental population implicating to limited genetic background To address those shortcomings of the past studies, a comprehensive genetic study was carried out in multiple genetic backgrounds comprising of nine F2 populations (as described in Materials and Methods section) which included both the hollow × hollow and solid × hollow stem type of cross combinations to understand the expressivity of stem solidness in different genetic combinations, to find out better parental combinations and superior recombinants from the progenies. The frequency of superior recombinants with at least three internodes of stem solidness and frequency of spikes with more than twenty spikelets were determined with the aim that stem solidness can be favorably used for the development of high yield potential genotypes
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