Abstract
The acaricidal efficiency of fipronil alone and fipronil + methoprene compared to commercial fipronil and commercial fipronil + methoprene, applied by the epicutaneous route (spot-on) in dogs naturally infested with ticks, was assessed. Thirty dogs infested with high loads of ticks were used. On day 0, the dogs were divided into 5 groups of 6 animals each. Each animal was duly identified for individual and group monitoring. Treatments were made based on body weight according to manufacturer’s instructions. Group 1 (G1) received 10.0% fipronil at a single dose of a pipette applied by epicutaneous route in the base of the neck. G2 received 10% fipronil + 10% methoprene in single application similarly to G1. G3 was treated with 9.8% commercial fipronil as before mentioned. G4 received commercial 9.8% fipronil + 9.8% methoprene applied as in previous groups. G5 served as an infected untreated control. Animals were examined by thumb tick counts on days 0 (Treatment day), 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28. Efficacy was measured as a percentage of tick reduction in the treated groups relative to the untreated control. Results indicated an overall efficacy of 88.2%, 93%, 90.4% and 99.3%, respectively. There was no significant statistical difference between the treated groups (P ly and in full development. It is concluded that the combined formulations of fipronil + methoprene compared to fipronil applied alone, showed an additive effect against Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks in naturally infested dogs kept in captivity.
Highlights
The Riphicephalus sanguineus or brown dog tick, is one of the most widely distributed tick species, occurring world-wide between latitudes of 35 ̊C and 50 ̊C [1].They are recognized as large blood suckers, but as important vectors of tick-borne diseases such as Lyme disease, ehrlichiosis, babesiosis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Colorado tick fever, Tularaemia, Q fever, tick paralysis, spotted fever and tick encephalitis. [2] [3] [4] [5]
The acaricidal efficiency of fipronil alone and fipronil + methoprene compared to commercial fipronil and commercial fipronil + methoprene, applied by the epicutaneous route in dogs naturally infested with ticks, was assessed
Group 1 (G1), the efficacy exerted by KiroGard was 100%, 100%, 100%, 88.1% and 53%, for days 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28, respectively, obtaining an overall efficacy of 88.2%
Summary
The Riphicephalus sanguineus or brown dog tick, is one of the most widely distributed tick species, occurring world-wide between latitudes of 35 ̊C and 50 ̊C [1].They are recognized as large blood suckers, but as important vectors of tick-borne diseases such as Lyme disease, ehrlichiosis, babesiosis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Colorado tick fever, Tularaemia, Q fever, tick paralysis, spotted fever and tick encephalitis. [2] [3] [4] [5]. The Riphicephalus sanguineus or brown dog tick, is one of the most widely distributed tick species, occurring world-wide between latitudes of 35 ̊C and 50 ̊C [1]. They are recognized as large blood suckers, but as important vectors of tick-borne diseases such as Lyme disease, ehrlichiosis, babesiosis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Colorado tick fever, Tularaemia, Q fever, tick paralysis, spotted fever and tick encephalitis. Considering its relevance to animal and human health, the need for specific tick products is increasingly pressing. There is a wide variety of ixodicidal products on the market prepared as collar formulations [10] [11], shampoo, powders, topical spot-on [12] [13], oral formulations [14], etc. The pharmaceutical industry produces new formulations each time looking for synergy, or some additive effect with the idea of increasing the effectiveness of the combined formulation
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