Additional clinical and instrumental laboratory markers of the main pathogenetic variants of ischemic stroke.

Abstract

Atherothrombotic stroke (ATI), cardioembolic stroke (CEI) and lacunar stroke (LI) are the main pathogenetic variants of ischemic stroke and differ not only in the final mechanism of formation of the ischemic focus, but also in the systemic disorders underlying them. Material and methods. 384 patients were examined in acute ischemic stroke using standard methods. All patients were evaluated for total cardiovascular risk with the use of scales ASCORE, CHA2DS2-VASc, Essen and the scale of recurrent stroke . Results. ATI was diagnosed in 268 (70%) patients, 70 (18%) patients, 46 (12%) patients. The highest rate on the scale of relapse of stroke is typical for patients with CEI, the lowest - for patients with LI. Patients with ATI had a high score on THE ascore scale. The highest rate on the scale CHA2DS2-VASc was observed in patients with CEI, the lowest - in patients with LI. Other indicators informative for differentiation of the studied types of AI are age, gender, Smoking, congestive heart failure, lipid profile, presence and size of cerebral infarction on computer tomogram on admission, involvement of vertebrobasilar pool, hemorrhagic transformation of the lesion, the thickness of the intima - media, degree of stenosis of internal carotid arteries, stenosis of intracranial arteries, cardiac ejection fraction, time from stroke to admission to hospital, hemiplegia, neglect syndrome, speech disorder, as well as neurological deficit on the NIHSS scale. Discussion. Patients with studied pathogenetic variants of ischemic stroke differed in severity and representation of cardiovascular risk factors, clinical picture and outcome of the disease, which confirms the point of view of phenotypic independence of ATI, KEI and LEE, probably due to genetic features.