Abstract
BackgroundCultivated barley belongs to the tertiary genepool of hexaploid wheat. Genes of interest can be transferred from barley into wheat through wide hybridization. The application of wheat-barley introgression lines could provide an excellent tool for the transfer of earliness, favourable amino acid composition, biotic stress resistance, abiotic stress tolerance, or good tillering ability into wheat.ResultsA set of 10 wheat-barley ditelosomic addition lines (2HS, 2HL, 3HS, 3HL, 4HS, 4HL, 6HS, 6HL, 7HS and 7HL) was developed from the progenies of an Asakaze/Manas wheat-barley hybrid produced in Martonvásár, Hungary. The addition lines were selected from self-fertilized plants of the BC2F2-BC2F4 generations using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and were identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with repetitive DNA probes [HvT01, (GAA)7 and centromere-specific (AGGGAG)4 probes]. The cytogenetic identification was confirmed using barley arm-specific SSR and STS markers. The ditelosomic additions were propagated in the phytotron and in the field, and morphological parameters (plant height, tillering, length of the main spike, number of seeds/spike and seeds/plant, and spike characteristics) were described. In addition, the salt stress response of the ditelosomic additions was determined.ConclusionsThe six-rowed winter barley cultivar Manas is much better adapted to Central European environmental conditions than the two-rowed spring barley Betzes previously used in wheat-barley crosses. The production of wheat-barley ditelosomic addition lines has a wide range of applications both for breeding (transfer of useful genes to the recipient species) and for basic research (mapping of barley genes, genetic and evolutionary studies and heterologous expression of barley genes in the wheat background).Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12863-016-0393-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
Cultivated barley belongs to the tertiary genepool of hexaploid wheat
Identification and morphological characterization of the wheat-barley ditelosomic addition lines All the barley chromosomes were present in one or more of the 16 BC2 plants originating from the Asakaze × Manas hybrid with the exception of the complete 5H, though 5HS was present in one plant
The barley subtelomere-specific probe HvT01 and barley centromerespecific sequences (AGGGAG)4 were used to demonstrate that the entire barley chromosome arm was present in the relevant ditelosomic addition line
Summary
Genes of interest can be transferred from barley into wheat through wide hybridization. The application of wheat-barley introgression lines could provide an excellent tool for the transfer of earliness, favourable amino acid composition, biotic stress resistance, abiotic stress tolerance, or good tillering ability into wheat. The development of the first wheat × barley hybrids was followed by the production of wheat-barley disomic addition lines (2H, 3H, 4H, 5H, 6H and 7H), the first of. A ditelosomic addition line involving barley chromosome 1HS was developed later [10]. The barley resistance genes can be effective in the genetic background of wheat [3], at the same time wheat-barley introgression lines could be an excellent tool for the tranfer of earliness, favourable amino acid composition, biotic stress resistance, salt and drought tolerance, or good tillering ability from barley into wheat [5]. Wheat-barley ditelosomic addition lines, on the other hand, can act as bridging materials for generating wheat-barley translocations, which are more stable than aneuploids
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