Adaptive Time Difference of Time of Arrival in Wireless Sensor Network Routing for Enhancing Quality of Service

Abstract

Underwater wireless communications are critical in military and corporate operations such as environmental monitoring, underwater exploration, and scientific data collection. Existing protocols for terrestrial wireless sensor networks (TWSNs) perform poorly in terms of energy efficiency, dependability, and transmission. Because they have separate qualities, they cannot be used directly in the UWSN. The present challenges include developing an EDVR algorithm for determining the distance to each node and the variance in node depth in order to estimate energy consumption reductions. This technique takes the depth of the two-hop neighbors into account and calculates the time aid from the Adaptive Time Difference of Arrival (ATDoA), which is avoided by broadcasting information to its neighboring node, with farther forward nodes. To determine the time difference between the reception of two signals at a node, the adaptive time Difference of time of arrival (ATDoA) is easier to measure than the time at which the signal arrives. In the UWSN, the following transmission assigns higher node energy if the node is lower. It increases system performance, saves lives, and minimizes packet wait time at the destination. The results show that nodes have a longer lifetime, fewer dead nodes, use less energy, and take less time to propagate than techniques.