Abstract
Abstract In modern times, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), as a deadly pathogen, imposes harmful effects on human health. Thus, scholars have presented a large body of research on the topic, such as developing an antiretroviral treatment for this viral infection. This study considers a three-state dynamical model of HIV and applies a robust adaptive stabilizer based on a sliding mode controller (SMC) and gradient descent laws for it. To be more precise, the paper presents a control scheme to enhance the number of the CD4+ T cells and reduce the number of the infected CD4+ T cells and free virus particles through the control of the reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs). For this purpose, the sliding mode control is designed for the HIV-1 dynamical system. Then, the gradient descent law is employed to update the control gains. The results reflect the desired performance of the proposed control strategy by presenting a smooth control input and suitable time responses.
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