Abstract
Developing efficient routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks remains a challenging task. It is well known that every protocol is capable of outperforming the others depending on the network context under which it is evaluated, since protocols only perform optimally under specific network contains due to their inability to adapt their behavior to the network context, which both varies in time and place. This article builds upon this observation to motivate and propose an adaptive multi-mode routing framework that has multiple compatible modes of operation. Based on this framework, an adaptive protocol has been implemented with the novel feature that individual nodes can adapt their mode of operation at any moment, while an overall consistent state of the routing tables is maintained. Through simulation, the correct behavior of the protocol during mode switches is demonstrated and it is shown that the protocol is capable of minimally offering the performance of either proactive or reactive routing, Its capabilities to dynamically switch, when intelligently applied, allow outperforming these protocols. This is illustrated for one specific application scenario where network conditions are dynamically monitored. Further, the article discusses some challenges encountered during the design and, since no monitoring solution has been developed, identifies existing solutions for monitoring and dissemination of network context are identified, offering directions for further research.
Highlights
During the past decade, advances in mobile computing and wireless communication technologies have led to wireless networks offering connectivity to mobile users
Evaluation In the previous section, we have only evaluated the actions that need to be taken upon a single mode switch and we have verified through simulations that these actions resulted in a consistent state of the routing tables
In order to be really able to exploit the potential of the adaptive routing protocol, similar behavior needs to be obtained when multiple nodes are switching their mode of operation or nodes in a certain mode are moving within the network
Summary
Advances in mobile computing and wireless communication technologies have led to wireless networks offering connectivity to mobile users. Devices should choose the optimal routing technique depending on the type of ad hoc network they participate in and the current network conditions in this network We believe this is not feasible by letting a single protocol adapt to the network conditions (e.g., by changing parameter values), but requires the support of multiple different routing strategies. This has several limitations, which we want to avoid by allowing routing strategy switching by individual nodes (or group of nodes) without any service discontinuity To this end, we propose the development of an adaptive multi-mode routing protocol that has multiple compatible modes of operation (e.g., proactive, reactive, flooding, or variants), where each mode is designed to operate as efficiently as possible in a given networking context. This exchange can take place at layer 3 or at layer 2 (as part of the radio interface implementation)
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