Abstract
This paper presents a new approach in adaptive out-of-step (OOS) protection settings in power systems in real time. The proposed method uses extended equal area criterion (EEAC) to determine the critical clearing time and critical clearing angle of the system, which are vital information for the OOS protection setting calculation. The dynamic model parameters and the coherency groups of the system for EEAC analysis are determined in real time to ensure that the newly calculated settings suit with the prevalent system operating condition. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated in simulated data from a 16-machine 68-bus system model.
Highlights
C ONVENTIONAL power system protection relays operate on the basis of settings
The work presented in this paper proposed an useful adaptive OOS protection scheme that calculates the settings of the relay online, based on the timely estimations of the dynamic characteristics of the system
This paper focuses on adapting the setting of single blinder scheme for effective matching with the prevailing operating conditions as it is easy to implement in a numerical relay [11]
Summary
C ONVENTIONAL power system protection relays operate on the basis of settings. Anatomy of several blackouts revealed that the relays with such settings at times mal-operate under very stressed operating conditions [1]. The work in [2] has reported an adaptive OOS relay based on neural network method. The method proposed in this paper adapts the settings of conventional OOS relay to suit the prevalent system operating condition. The work reported in [10] determines the groups of settings based on the zone reach of relay operation. In both methods, a group of settings are selected from these groups based on the current operating conditions. The work presented in this paper proposed an useful adaptive OOS protection scheme that calculates the settings of the relay online, based on the timely estimations of the dynamic characteristics of the system. Section discusses the settings for blinder scheme used in OOS protection
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