Abstract
Electrocardiograms (ECGs) can be conveniently obtained using capacitive ECG sensors. However, motion noise in measured ECGs can degrade R peak detection. To reduce noise, properties of reference signal and ECG measured by the sensors are analyzed and a new method of active noise cancellation (ANC) is proposed in this study. In the proposed algorithm, the original ECG signal at QRS interval is regarded as impulsive noise because the adaptive filter updates its weight as if impulsive noise is added. As the proposed algorithm does not affect impulsive noise, the original signal is not reduced during ANC. Therefore, the proposed algorithm can conserve the power of the original signal within the QRS interval and reduce only the power of noise at other intervals. The proposed algorithm was verified through comparisons with recent research using data from both indoor and outdoor experiments. The proposed algorithm will benefit a noise reduction of noisy biomedical signal measured from sensors.
Highlights
The electrocardigram (ECG) is used to diagnose diseases, such as heart disease, by displaying bioinformation, such as R peak magnitude and interval [1,2]
Because ECGs in other intervals than QRS interval are relatively weak in power, the ECGs measured from the capacitive ECG (cECG) sensors are mainly used to effectively detect R peaks, which can be used to derive a lot of medical information
This study proposed a new active noise cancellation (ANC) structure considering the properties of the ECG and the reference signal obtained from cECG sensors
Summary
The electrocardigram (ECG) is used to diagnose diseases, such as heart disease, by displaying bioinformation, such as R peak magnitude and interval [1,2]. Heart rate, which can be calculated using R peaks, often needs to be monitored for patients with diseases, as well as healthy individuals. To perform an ECG, Ag-AgCl electrodes must be attached to the patient’s body directly, which may be inconvenient in practice. Because of the convenience of cECG sensors, they are widely used in many situations where conventional ECG measurement is difficult but necessary [3,4,5]. ECG measurement cannot be performed while driving, but evaluation of a driver may be necessary to prevent emergency situations that can be caused if a driver has a heart attack or falls asleep while driving. CECG sensors could be mounted into the driver’s seat to obtain ECGs of drivers [6,7,8]
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