Abstract
Non-destructive evaluation (NDE) plays an important role in many industrial fields, such as detecting cracking in steam generator tubing in nuclear power plants and aircraft. This paper investigates on the effect of the depth of the defect, width of the defect, and the type of the material on the eddy current signal which is modeled by an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). A total of 60 samples of artificial defects are located 20 mm parallel to the length of the block in each of the three types of material. A weld probe was used to inspect the block. The ANFIS model has three neurons in the input layer and one neuron in the output layer as the eddy current signal. The used design of experiments (DOE) software indicates that the model equations, which contain only linear and two-factor interaction terms, were developed to predict the percentage signal. This signal was validated through the use of the unseen data. The predicted results on the depth and width of defect significantly influenced the percentage of the signal (p < 0.0001) at the 95% confidence level. The ANFIS model proves that the deviation of the eddy current testing measurement was influenced by the width and depth of the defect less than the conductivity of the materials.
Highlights
Non-destructive testing and evaluation is the process of assessing the structural integrity of a material or component without causing any physical damage to the test object [1]
The central composite design (CCD) consisted of 60 experiments including five
The effect of the depth of the defect and the width of the defect with mild steel on the eddy current testing signal could be detected by the weld probe
Summary
Non-destructive testing and evaluation is the process of assessing the structural integrity of a material or component without causing any physical damage to the test object [1]. Eddy current testing is an effective method to detect fatigue cracks and corrosion in conductive materials because it is cheap and can monitor subsurface defects or defects under insulating coatings without touching the surface of a specimen [2,3]. Permeability significantly influences the eddy current defect signal. Crack orientation strongly influences the output of the eddy current probe. Cracks must interrupt the surface eddy current flow to be detected. Defects parallel to the current path will not cause any significant interruption and may not be detected [5,6,7,8]. The response of the pickup coil or receiver coil to an eddy current depends on the conductivity and permeability of the test material and the frequency selected [9]
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