Abstract
Distributed database systems have become a phenomenon and have been considered a crucial source of information for numerous users. Users with different jobs are using such systems locally or via the Internet to meet their professional requirements. Distributed database systems consist of a number of sites connected over a computer network. Each site deals with its own database and interacts with other sites as needed. Data replication in these systems is considered a key factor in improving data availability. However, it may affect system performance when most of the transactions that access the data contain write or a mix of read and write operations because of exclusive locks and update propagation. This research proposes a new adaptive approach for increasing the availability of data contained in a distributed database system. The proposed approach suggests a new lockable unit by increasing the database hierarchy tree by one level to include attributes as lockable units instead of the entire row. This technique may allow several transactions to access the database row simultaneously by utilizing some attributes and keeping others available for other transactions. Data in a distributed database system can be accessed locally or remotely by a distributed transaction, with each distributed transaction decomposed into several sub-transactions called participants or agents. These agents access the data at multiple sites and must guarantee that any changes to the data must be committed in order to complete the main transaction. The experimental results show that using attribute-level locking will increase data availability, reliability, and throughput, as well as enhance overall system performance. Moreover, it will increase the overhead of managing such a large number of locks, which will be managed according to the qualification of the query.
Highlights
Distributed database system (DDBS) may be defined as a collection of multiple, logically interrelated databases distributed over a computer network [12]
To increase the data availability, this paper proposes a new adaptive approach to increase the database items by reducing the size of the lockable units
This reduction can be carried out by locking the attributes instead of the database row, which remains as the other attributes become available for other transactions
Summary
Distributed database system (DDBS) may be defined as a collection of multiple, logically interrelated databases distributed over a computer network [12] This system stores a huge amount of data that have been accessed by a large and increasingly growing number of users. The problem of data availability and the degree of concurrent transactions have been discussed by several researchers [2, 3, 8, 10] who concentrated on a strategy of dividing the database into variable size units The size of such units is dynamically managed by the lock manager based on user needs and competition. These types are produced to overcome the disadvantages of the traditional locking mechanism in a DDBS Their experimental results show the enhancement of control and flexibility of locks with improved 2PL protocol and multi-granularity locking. It obtains better transaction concurrency than the traditional mechanism
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