Abstract
Light exposure before sleep causes a reduction in the quality and duration of sleep. In order to reduce these detrimental effects of light exposure, it is important to dim the light. However, dimming the light often causes inconvenience and can lower the quality of life (QOL). We therefore aimed to develop a lighting control method for use before going to bed, in which the illuminance of lights can be ramped down with less of a subjective feeling of changes in illuminance. We performed seven experiments in a double-blind, randomized crossover design. In each experiment, we compared two lighting conditions. We examined constant illuminance, linear dimming, and three monophasic and three biphasic exponential dimming, to explore the fast and slow increases in visibility that reflect the dark adaptation of cone and rod photoreceptors in the retina, respectively. Finally, we developed a biphasic exponential dimming method termed Adaptive Light 1.0. Adaptive Light 1.0 significantly prevented the misidentification seen in constant light and effectively suppressed perceptions of the illuminance change. This novel lighting method will help to develop new intelligent lighting instruments that reduce the negative effect of light on sleep and also lower energy consumption.
Highlights
Light exposure before sleep causes a reduction in the quality and duration of sleep
We compared 2 out of 8 lighting conditions (Fig. 3) in 7 experiments, each of which was performed in a doubleblind, randomized crossover design
We found many significant differences in the perception of change in illuminance, which were recorded using a switch box (Table 4). Throughout these experiments, we developed Adaptive Light 1.0 (AL1.0) as a novel dimming method, while EEG and KSS-J/VAS in the questionnaire failed to detect a significant difference in the experiments, with the exception of Experiment 1 (Tables [3, 5], Supplementary Table S2)
Summary
Light exposure before sleep causes a reduction in the quality and duration of sleep. In order to reduce these detrimental effects of light exposure, it is important to dim the light. Adaptive Light 1.0 significantly prevented the misidentification seen in constant light and effectively suppressed perceptions of the illuminance change This novel lighting method will help to develop new intelligent lighting instruments that reduce the negative effect of light on sleep and lower energy consumption. We aimed to develop a novel method to control environmental light conditions before sleep, during which the illuminance of light is reduced so that the change in environmental lighting conditions is not perceived For this purpose, the biphasic increase in visibility during dark adaptation[20,21] was taken into account, Scientific Reports | (2020) 10:11204. This method, termed Adaptive Light 1.0 (AL1.0), is composed of the first and second dimming steps considering cone and rod adaptations, respectively
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