Abstract
Massive tremendous amount of miniaturized wireless Internet of Things (IoT) devices are widely employed in many fields such as industrial production, social life, public (and defense) security and management of human society. The limitation of node device's energy capacity is the bottleneck issue of these network systems. MAC protocol is a key communication protocol for such sensor nodes which both rationally saves energy (an alternative to energy harvesting way) and improves the performances of the wireless sensor networks. There are complex tradeoff optimization relationships between the size of contention window and energy consumption, delay and collision, in which too large or too small contention window value cannot make the network performance optimal. This paper firstly gives an optimization algorithm for the size of the contention window through theoretical analysis, which can achieve a compromise between energy consumption (i.e. alternative energy harvesting) and delay. Then, a global view based adaptive contention window (GV-ACW) MAC protocol is proposed to further reduce latency and improve alternative energy harvesting. The GV-ACW MAC protocol adopts the optimized size of contention window in the near sink area to meet the functional requirements of data forwarding, while in the far sink area, the size of contention window is larger than it required by node for data transmission so as to reduce the latency and thereby improve the network performance as a whole. The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that, comparing with previous MAC protocol, GV-ACW protocol can realize effective alternative energy harvesting which resulting increasement of the network lifetime by 6% and reduce the network delay by 15%.
Highlights
Internet of things (IoT) [1]–[3] makes use of sensor devices widely deployed or existing in various equipment to realize information collection at low cost, which provides a new solution for the major requirements of complex sensing applications in the key infrastructure such as monitoring systems [4], [5], intelligent traffic management and automatic vehicles in traffic environment [6]–[8] and weather surveillance platform
By saving and rationally utilizing energy of the nodes in the area of near or far from sink node, the proposed Global View based Adaptive Contention Window (GV-ACW) MAC protocol can efficiently obtain alternative energy harvesting leading to increasement of the network lifetime by 6% while reducing the delay by more than 15%
PROBLEM STATEMENT The goal of the global view based adaptive contention window (GV-ACW) MAC protocol design in this paper is to reduce energy consumption, network delay and packet loss rate, so as to ensure that the network has a longer network lifetime
Summary
Internet of things (IoT) [1]–[3] makes use of sensor devices widely deployed or existing in various equipment to realize information collection at low cost, which provides a new solution for the major requirements of complex sensing applications in the key infrastructure such as monitoring systems [4], [5], intelligent traffic management and automatic vehicles in traffic environment [6]–[8] and weather surveillance platform. The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Guangjie Han. and medical equipment have been developed, such as the devices monitoring human vital life signs [10], [11]. Medical equipment have been developed, such as the devices monitoring human vital life signs [10], [11] These devices can be massively distributed in hospitals and other large-scale internal environments, forming wireless sensor networks (WSNs) [10]. The size of Contention Window (CW) is the crucial element for MAC
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