Adaptive changes of the elemental status of Kalmyk cattle to conditions of biogeochemical province of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to compare adaptive changes of the elemental status and hematologic indicators of blood of the Kalmyk cattle brought from the Republic of Kalmykia to the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Three groups of animals were formed for this purpose: brought cows (n=75), first-generation calves (n=28) and second-generation calves (n=16) received in Yakutia. The body weight of cows during bio-substrate selection made 480.4±13.8 kg. Age – 2.3-8.0 years. Wool samples weighing at least 0.4 g were taken from the top withers of animals. The proximal part of hair 15 mm long from the root was taken for analysis. The elemental analysis of samples was carried out via ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Blood samples were taken from a tail vein. The study was conducted using automatic hematologic analyzer: URIT-2900 Vet Plus (URIT Medial Electronic Co., Ltd, China). It is found that the wool of cows brought to the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) had smaller concentration of Ca, Na, K, I, Mn, Zn, B, Sr at higher Hg value in comparison with the first-generation cows and smaller Cu and Zn and higher n Cr, Si, Pb content in comparison with the second-generation animals. The study of blood revealed significant changes in their parameters. Thus, the increase of erythrocytes and lymphocytes is observed from one generation to another with the decrease of the average volume of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in a separate erythrocyte.