Adaptive Agroforestry Model To Improve Livelihood And To Support The Management Of Minraleng Watershed In Maros Regency

Abstract

Many watershed area in Indonesia and South Sulawesi experience erosion, flood and landslide in rainyseason and in dry season experience drought, like in Minraleng Watershed. This condition have impacted to food insecurity of the community that reside in watershed area. This study aim to formulate adaptive agroforestry model to increase farmer livelihood in supporting watershed management. Population study i.e. all of the farmer household in Minraleng Hulu Watershed. Study sampling was done by purposive sampling in 4 sampling village (Limampoccoe, Cenrana Baru, Timpuseng and Batu Putih). Data collection was done by in-depth interview and observation. Data was analyzed by qualitative descriptive and spatial analysis. Result of the study indicated that combination pattern of landscape agroforestry model need to be developed in dry land and the big property land in Cenrana Baru, Limampoccoe and Batu Putih. That agroforestry model known by Taungya by developing adaptive plant to drought and give livelihood diversification and adaptive to the short rainy season, secure from pest i.e. swine, monkey, and cow. In Timpuseng village, agroforestry pattern need to be was permanent intensive agroforestry which is known by Talun where farmer need to develop three to fourth strata of plant to resolve limited land by planting gamal tress and candlenut in the top of the strata, while planting coffee and pepper in second strata, and chili and elephant grass in third strata. Intensive permanent agroforestry with low labour input to resolve limited farmer labour which dominant in rice field