Abstract
We analyze the feasibility of heating non-metallic cookware, unappropriate for heating by means of induced currents, with the purpose of extending the applicability range of the current induction heating cooktops. In order to turn materials as glass, ceramic, wood or plastic into suitable for the induction heating technology, we propose the use of thin layers of a metal (not necessarily a ferromagnetic material) which can be deposited on a surface by means of a thin or thick layer technology. For this purpose, the inductive performance of these layers is investigated by means of an analytical electromagnetic model, finite element simulations and experimental measurements. Calculations point out that for a specific induction arrangement working at a fixed frequency, it exists a thickness which maximizes the induction efficiency for each layer material. The suitability of this result is tested by means of a set of samples with copper thin layers whose thicknesses range from one hundred of nanometers to tens of micrometers, which are implemented using a phase vapor deposition (PVD) technology. The obtained induction efficiency and equivalent resistance are compared with those obtained with conventional ferromagnetic materials. As a proof of concept, the inner and outer bottoms of two glass pots are covered with a copper layer of $2~{\mathrm {\mu }}\text{m}$ , and $1.5~{\mathrm {\mu }}\text{m}$ , respectively, and 1 kW is inductively supplied by means of a series resonant inverter, reaching the boiling water conditions.
Highlights
In the last years, the induction heating technology has progressively penetrated in the domestic sphere due to its superior advantages as CO2-emission free heating, safety, cleanliness and high efficiency
The most popular are automatic pot detection, high output power capability, and power and temperature controllability. This technology present some drawbacks, as the impossibility of heat non-metallic cookware made of glass, plastic or ceramics, and, the low efficiency reached with non-ferromagnetic materials [1]
The feasibility of using thin layers of nonmagnetic good conductors for induction heating applications is explored. This idea was preliminary tested in some works [19], [20], and in this case, apart from an appropriate modeling, a proof of concept consisting of heating a glass pot with a copper thin layer deposited by using a phase vapor deposition (PVD) technique is presented
Summary
The induction heating technology has progressively penetrated in the domestic sphere due to its superior advantages as CO2-emission free heating, safety, cleanliness and high efficiency. The feasibility of using thin layers of nonmagnetic good conductors for induction heating applications is explored This idea was preliminary tested in some works [19], [20], and in this case, apart from an appropriate modeling, a proof of concept consisting of heating a glass pot with a copper thin layer deposited by using a phase vapor deposition (PVD) technique is presented. This technique allows to achieve a high precision of the layer thickness. In this work we follow a double analysis way: on the one hand, an analytical solution of the system (with some assumptions) is used mainly to analyze the effect of the thickness of the layer on the inductive performance; on the other hand, FEA simulations are carried out to evaluate the induction efficiency of particular cases
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