Abstract
Weather conditions are one of the main threats that can lead to diseases in crops. Unfavourable conditions, such as rain or high humidity, can produce a risk of fungal diseases. Meteorological monitoring is vital to have some indication of a possible infection. The literature contains a wide variety of models for warning for this type of disease.These are capable of warning when an infection may be present. Devices (weather stations) able to measure weather conditions in real-time are needed to know precisely when an infection occurs in a smallholding. Besides, such models cannot be executed at the same time in which the observations are collected; in fact, these models are usually executed in batches at a rate of one per day. Therefore, these models need to be adapted to run at the same frequency as that at which observations are collected so that a possible disease can be dealt with as early as possible. The primary aim of this work is to adapt disease warning models to run in (near) real-time over meteorological variables generated by Internet of Things (IoT) devices, in order to inform farmers as quickly as possible if their crop is in danger of being infected by diseases, and to enable them to tackle the infection with the appropriate treatments. The work is centered on vineyards and has been tested in four different smallholdings in the province of Castellón (Spain).
Highlights
Despite the use of millions of tons of insecticides and the application of non-chemical methods, such as crop rotation, more than 45% of agri-food production is destroyed by pests such as fungus, weeds or pathogens [1]
All the disease models were adapted from their original configuration to allow real-time analyses and results to be obtained at the same time as the observations from Internet of Things (IoT) nodes are received
This study only shows the alerts generated for one IoT node, the execution of the models was different in some of them
Summary
Despite the use of millions of tons of insecticides and the application of non-chemical methods, such as crop rotation, more than 45% of agri-food production is destroyed by pests such as fungus, weeds or pathogens [1]. Lowering this 45% loss rate could reduce poverty in many developing countries. Phytosanitary products are applied to treat these diseases The use of this type of products is expensive for farmers and causes environmental pollution [4,5,6]. These products should be used in moderation and only applied when there are clear indications that the disease to be treated is present and not as a preventive measure
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