Adaptation to Resistance Training Is Associated with Higher Phagocytic (but Not Oxidative) Activity in Neutrophils of Older Women.

João Bartholomeu-Neto,Ciro José Brito,Roberta Silva Paula,Vinícius Carolino Sousa,Otávio Toledo Nóbrega,Cláudio Córdova,Juliana Oliveira Toledo,David Junger Fonseca Alves,Aparecido Pimentel Ferreira,Clayton Franco Moraes

doi:10.1155/2015/724982

Abstract

Failure in antimicrobial activity contributes to high morbidity and mortality in the geriatric population. Little is known about the potential effect of resistance training (RT) on the functional properties of the innate immunity. This study aimed to investigate the influence of long-term RT on the endocytic and oxidative activities of neutrophils and monocytes in healthy older women. Our results indicate that the phagocytosis index (PhI) of neutrophils (but not of monocytes) in the RT-adapted group was significantly higher (P < 0.001; effect size, (d) = 0.90, 95% CI: [0.75–1.04]) compared to that in sedentary subjects. In contrast, the oxidative activity of either neutrophils or monocytes was not significantly influenced by RT. Also, total energy and carbohydrate intake as well as serum IL6 levels had a significant influence on the phagocytic activity of neutrophils (P = 0.04), being considered in the model. Multivariate regression identified the physical condition of the subject (β = 0.425; P = 0.01) as a significant predictor of PhI. In conclusion, circulating neutrophils of older women adapted to a long-term RT program expressed higher phagocytic activity.

Highlights

The cascade of biological events that makes up the innate defense against infectious agents is a vital part of the immune system
This study aimed to investigate the influence of long-term resistance training (RT) on the phagocytic and oxidative activities of neutrophils and monocytes in apparently healthy older women
Increased phagocytic capacity of neutrophils was observed among RTadapted participants compared to the sedentary group, represented by both greater proportion of S. cerevisiae captured (∼31%; P < 0.001) and a higher frequency of phagocyting

Summary

Introduction

The cascade of biological events that makes up the innate defense against infectious agents is a vital part of the immune system This process is characterized by acute response triggered by the rapid increase in circulating inflammatory mediators [1]. During immunosenescence, there is complex remodeling of the immune system, characterized by exacerbation of the basal, possibly nonimmunologically derived profile of proinflammatory mediators and of reactive oxygen species, a phenomenon known as inflammaging [2]. This scenario is more evident after the fourth decade of life, when increased susceptibility to cancer, infections, and metabolic disorders is observed [3, 4]. Failure in neutrophil properties has been postulated as an important predictor of morbidity and mortality in the geriatric population [5]

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