Abstract
Adaptation is a ubiquitous property of sensory systems. It is typically considered that neurons adapt to dominant energy in the ambient environment to function optimally. However, perceptual representation of the stimulus, often modulated by feedback signals, sometimes do not correspond to the input state of the stimulus, which tends to be more linked with feedforward signals. Here we investigated the relative contributions to cortical adaptation from feedforward and feedback signals, taking advantage of a visual illusion, the Flash-Grab Effect, to disassociate the feedforward and feedback representation of an adaptor. Results reveal that orientation adaptation is exclusively dependent on the perceived rather than the retinal orientation of the adaptor. Combined fMRI and EEG measurements demonstrate that the perceived orientation of the Flash-Grab Effect is indeed supported by feedback signals in the cortex. These findings highlight the important contribution of feedback signals for cortical neurons to recalibrate their sensitivity.
Highlights
Adaptation is a ubiquitous property of sensory systems
We investigated the relative contribution of the perceived vs. retinal orientation of flash-grab effect (FGE) to the TAE
With spatiotemporal imaging results supporting a feedback origin of the perceived orientation in FGE, these results suggest that feedback signals play an important role in orientation adaptation and provide evidence that in the presence of discrepant feedforward and feedback supported representation of visual input, the feedback signal determines the adaptation outcome
Summary
Adaptation is a ubiquitous property of sensory systems. It is typically considered that neurons adapt to dominant energy in the ambient environment to function optimally. We investigated the relative contributions to cortical adaptation from feedforward and feedback signals, taking advantage of a visual illusion, the Flash-Grab Effect, to disassociate the feedforward and feedback representation of an adaptor. These findings highlight the important contribution of feedback signals for cortical neurons to recalibrate their sensitivity. We obtained strong evidence that the perceived orientation in FGE was supported by feedback signals With this link established, a demonstration of TAE from the perceived orientation would indicate that the feedback signals dominate cortical adaptation
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