Abstract
In a fragile and unpredictable economic and health context, Climate Change (CC) is emerging as an eminent issue for businesses in Morocco. This planetary scourge is a double-edged issue. It exacerbates the vulnerability of these companies by affecting the supply of raw materials, energy, and water. It can also be an opportunity for companies that opt for innovative mitigation and adaptation solutions to address CC. Today, the tools and approaches for monitoring greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are relatively standardized and known. However, the methods used to characterize vulnerability and develop adaptation strategies remain limited and little known. To this end, the Climate Expert tool (CE)† has been tested on a panel of Moroccan companies to enable them to characterize their vulnerability to CC and to develop relevant adaptation strategies. A global and detailed analysis was carried out on the evaluation reports, the results of a targeted survey, and completed by a SWOT‡ analysis on the consistency and use of the CE tool. Three groups of interlocutors were involved in this analysis: CE experts, economic operators, and state and project officials. To better plan adaptation measures, this analysis emphasizes the need to move the approach proposed by CE towards an integrated, standardized design. In addition, the implementation of adaptation requires, in particular the setting up of support and advisory instruments and entities in charge of steering adaptation actions within companies. The next stage of this work will be devoted to improving and adapting the CE tool to meet the needs of concrete actions in such companies to deal with CC.
Highlights
In Morocco, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are a central component of the national economy, which represents nearly 93% of the productive fabric (HCP 2019)
These are essentially the conceptual framework, which needs to be made consistent with that proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in its fifth assessment report [17]
Adaptation implies reviewing its management modes and practices and its business operations to limit negative impacts and better exploit potential opportunities generated by Climate Change (CC) [26]
Summary
In Morocco, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are a central component of the national economy, which represents nearly 93% of the productive fabric (HCP 2019). They are a real engine of job creation and contribute 40% of private investment and 30% of exports [1]. This network of economic actors forms a heterogeneous sector weighed down by a set of obstacles that prevent its full development. This is reflected by using ISO 9001 certification standards for quality management and ISO14001 for environmental management, as well as corporate social responsibility approaches (CSR), integrating social, environmental, and economic concerns into their management activities. [5]
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