Adaptation of Epithelial Sodium-Dependent Phosphate Transport in Jejunum and Kidney of Hens to Variations in Dietary Phosphorus Intake

Abstract

The objective of this study was to explore the homeostatic response of jejunal and renal epithelia regarding the inorganic phosphate (Pi) transport capacities to variations in dietary total phosphorus (tP) supply in hens. Adaptive processes were determined by quantitative measures of intake and excretion, Pi transport studies across brush border membranes, and semiquantitative detection of sodium-dependent phosphate transporters (NaPi II) based on mRNA expression in the jejunum and kidney. Twelve hens (4/group) were adapted to 3 tP feeding levels in a pair-fed manner (60 g/d): low P diet with 0.073% tP, medium P diet with 0.204% tP, and high P diet with 0.343% tP. Excretion was measured during the last 5 d of a 16-d feeding period. After slaughtering, jejunal mucosa and renal cortex were removed. Tissues were used for 32 P uptake studies in brush-border membrane vesicles by rapid filtration technique and NaPi II mRNA expression studies by northern analyses. Plasma Pi concentrations were additionally measured. The NaPi II transporter mRNA could specifically be detected in chicken jejunum and kidney. Functional parameters of Na+-dependent Pi transport indicated that these transporters were involved in chicken Pi transport across the apical membranes of jejunal and renal epithelia. Increased tP intake resulted in an increased overall tP excretion. Correlating individual data from all animals by linear regression highlighted that the adaptive decrease of renal Pi transport capacity and NaPi IIa mRNA expression was associated with an increase in plasma Pi levels and resulted in a higher tP excretion. Jejunal Pi transport capacity and NaPi IIb mRNA expression did not react to variations in dietary tP supply. In conclusion, the homeostatic response was mainly based on the adaptive capacity of the kidney in hens.