Adaptation and mitigation strategies for impacts and efforts of climate change in Indonesia

Abstract

Global warming has become an important issue at this time, where this phenomenon is caused by an increase in the concentration of Greenhouse Gases (GHGs). Climate change is believed to have a negative impact on various aspects of life and the development sector, especially the agricultural sector, and it is feared that it will bring new problems to the sustainability of agricultural production, especially food crops. Rice fields are one the main anthropogenic source of nitrous oxide (N2O) gas, which contributes to global warming. Impact of climate change requires an active effort to anticipate it through mitigation and adaptation strategies. Therefore, the government of Indonesia has taken several steps to cope with anticipated greater losses, among others, through mitigation and adaptation programs. Mitigation measures in the agricultural sector is done through several activities, among others: the development of low-emission rice, ZA fertilizer use as nitrogen source, the development of rice cultivation technology without processing, the development of organic agriculture, green energy development and the development of intermittent irrigation technology. While adaptation measures in this program include: adjustment of time and cropping patterns, use of resistant varieties of drought, submergence, and salinity; rain harvesting technology development, and irrigation technology. This paper attempt to highlight the position agricultural sector in climate change, either as an emitter, sink or impact prone sectors climate change.