Adaptability of prospective spring barley cultivars bred in Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East

Irina N Shchennikova,Rimma I Vyatkina,Irina Yu Zaytseva,Olga N Shupletsova,Larissa P Kokina,E Renev,V Romanyuk,R Changzhong,G Batalova,Y Shavrokov

doi:10.1051/bioconf/20213601013

Abstract

Based on the statistical assessment of long-term field studies, in competitive variety tests, barley cultivars were identified adaptive to the conditions of the region, promising for transfer to the State variety test. As a result of the studies, a promising breeding material was created. The efficiency of using various methods of creating a new initial material, in particular, the cell culture method, is shown. A statistically significant correlation was established between the value of the hydrothermal coefficient (GTK) in the period “leaf tube formation - heading” and the yield capacity of a cultivar (r = 0.520). High variability (V = 24.4%) in the duration of the inter-stage period “leaf tube formation - heading” was revealed in the cultivars of competitive variety testing. Cultivars 94-13 and 38-15 are distinguished by a high yield potential (up to 6.4… 6.9 t/ha) and the duration of inter-stage periods, at which the main stages of organogenesis occur at the most favorable combination of heat and moisture for the potential development of plant features and properties. Cultivars 207-15, 38-15, and regenerant 550-08, characterized by high annual average yield capacity (5.9…5.7 tons/ha) and adaptability, are promising for transfer to the Russian Federation State variety test.

Highlights

The main task of breeding is to create cultivars characterized by high and stable yield capacity, independent to a large extent of changing growing conditions
Biological basis of stable high yield of barley cultivars in different growing conditions is "genotype x environment" interaction, which is expressed in different norm of genotype response, and change of their ranks in different medium conditions [4]
Earlier studies [15] on the assessment of the ecological stability of barley cultivars of competitive tests in the Volga-Vyatka region using various statistical methods found that the ranking of cultivars was stable in most cases; this confirms the possibility of using any of these methods to obtain objective data

Summary

Introduction

The main task of breeding is to create cultivars characterized by high and stable yield capacity, independent to a large extent of changing growing conditions. Application of intensive agricultural technologies makes it possible to increase significantly the plant productivity but cannot fully offset fluctuations of weather conditions during growing season [1]. Barley is the main grain crop, which is proven and highly reliable, using its biological potential as much as possible in various soil and climatic conditions for the formation of stable yields [5]. In 2020, they amounted to 104.7 thousand hectares, occupying more than 30% of the areas occupied under cereals [7]

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Conclusion