Acutisation of Chronic Renal Failure: About A Case after taking A Plant (Cassia Italica), at the Peace Hospital of Ziguinchor in Southern Senegal (West Africa)

Abstract

Acute renal failure induced by medicinal plants in Africa is uncertain because the majority of cases are unreported. We present a case of an acutisation of chronic renal failure following the consumption of Cassia Italica leaves. Mrs K.G, 68 years old followed in the nephrology department for stable severe chronic renal failure. The basic renal function (creatinine at 85 mg/l and blood urea at 1.22 g/l (GFR: 28.23 ml/min/1.73m2). She consults for uncontrollable vomiting, epigastralgia, obnubilation. The clinical examination had objectified a calm coma without signs of neurological localization, anuria, edema of the lower limbs and grade III arterial hypertension (BP: 180/100mmHg). The biological assessment showed impaired renal function with serum creatinine at 228.5 mg/l and blood urea at 2.65 g/l. The family admits taking the poison 48 hours before hospitalization by excessive consumption of Cassia italica leaves in the form of a decoction. The use of plants by patients followed in nephrology can aggravate pre-existing kidney disease.