Acute transfusion reactions in a tertiary hospital: A 2-year retrospective study

Abstract

Background: Modern day transfusion therapy, even though safe, is associated with noninfectious complication such as transfusion-related reactions. The study was undertaken to determine the incidence of the reactions as to correct their cause and prevent recurrences. Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective review of all transfusion-related adverse events reported within 2014–2015. They were analyzed as per the protocol laid down by the department. Results: A total of 31,074 units of blood components were issued during the study period and 28 patients developed transfusion reactions. Maximum cases were due to allergic reaction (n = 15, 53.57%) and were mostly females. Packed red blood cells were also the most common component associated with the transfusion reactions. Conclusion: Allergic reaction was the most common acute transfusion reaction followed by febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction. Sensitization of all the health personnel involved in the transfusion chain and strict hemovigilance program enforcement will help in improving the safety of blood transfusion.