Abstract
Objective: This work aimed at assessing acute toxicity in Artemia salina of waters treated with natural coagulants (Moringa Oleifera) and with synthetic coagulants (Aluminum Sulfate Type B). Methods/Analysis: Acute toxicity tests were carried out on Artemia salina larvae to solutions with the highest coagulant activity by means of standard eco toxicology techniques and procedures. In addition, adjustments of sigmoid curve models were made to estimate mean lethal concentration (LC50) in this organism. Findings: Results obtained showed that the natural coagulant has low toxicity, making it a friendly alternative to replace aluminum sulphate, in water treatment. Application/Improvements: Moringa oleifera can have advantages over aluminum sulphate due to biodegradability. This is an efficient and non-toxic coagulant that can be used in water treatment for domestic use in urban and rural areas. Keywords: Acute Toxicity, Coagulant Activity, Artemia salina, Moringa oleifera, Innocuousness.
Highlights
Chemical pollution of water is increasingly worrisome
Samples of raw water used in the assays were taken from the Magdalena River, near Magangué Municipality, Colombia, at coordinates 9° 14 ́ 28 ̋ N and 74° 44 ́ 30 ̋ W out of the Greenwich meridian
Samples were collected, stored, and transported following standard protocols to the campus of University of Sucre, Colombia, where the respective treatability and toxicity tests were carried out; following the parameters established by ASTM D2035-0816 and the measurement protocols established in the standardized methods for the analysis of drinking and residual water according to the American Public Health Association[17], respectively
Summary
Chemical pollution of water is increasingly worrisome. Large volumes of toxic organic and inorganic substances are released daily directly and indirectly into aquatic systems. A bioassay is a test in which power or potency of a substance is measured through the response of living organisms or living systems[6] They allow a quick response in the direct assessment of toxicity. One of the common organisms used in aquatic bioassays, is one of the models adapted very well in laboratory tests Advantages of this model test with this species are: reliability, precision, sensitivity, ease of reproduction, handling, availability in markets and low cost[10]. It has been used for various bioassays of chemical and natural products, determining toxicity of plant extracts. The objective of this research was to verify acute toxicity of the use of natural and synthetic coagulants in the purification process of raw waters of the Magdalena River through bioassays
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