Acute toxicity and gastroprotective effect of the Schiff base ligand ¹H-indole-3-ethylene-5-nitrosalicylaldimine and its nickel (II) complex on ethanol induced gastric lesions in rats.

Mohamed Ibrahim,Mahmood Abdullah,Pouya Hassandarvish,Hapipah Ali

doi:10.3390/molecules171012449

Mohamed Ibrahim, Mahmood Abdullah + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules171012449

Copy DOI

Abstract

The present study was performed to evaluate the gastroprotective activity of Schiff base ligand derived from the condensation reaction of tryptamine (an indole derivative) and 5-nitrosalicylaldehyde (TNS) and its nickel (II) complex against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. The compounds were orally administered with low (30 mg/kg) and high (60 mg/kg) doses to ulcer-induced Sprague-Dawley rats. Macroscopically, the ulcer control group exhibited severe mucosal injury, whereas pre-treatment with either cimetidine or TNS and its nickel (II) complex each resulted in significant protection against gastric mucosal injury. Flattening of gastric mucosal folds was also observed in rats pretreated with TNS and its nickel complex. Histological studies of the gastric wall of ulcer control group revealed severe damage of gastric mucosa, along with edema and leucocytes infiltration of the submucosal layer compared to rats pre-treated with either cimetidine or TNS and its nickel (II) compound, where there was marked gastric protection along with reduction of edema and leucocytes infiltration of the submucosal layer. Acute toxicity study done on mice with a higher dose of 5 g/kg of TNS and its nickel (II) complex did not manifest any toxicological signs. Research finding suggest that TNS and its nickel (II) complex could be considered as effective gastroprotective compounds.

Highlights

Schiff bases which are a class of compounds containing an azomethine group (-C=N-), have drawn attention for a long time due to their biological activities [1]
In a previous paper we reported the anti-ulcerogenic activity of the Schiff base derived from tryptamine and 5-chlorosalicyldehyde and its nickel and copper complexes [13]
The results of the current study showed that rats pre-treated with TNS had significantly reduced gastric mucosal injury with less leucocyte infiltration of the submucosal layer

Summary

Introduction

Schiff bases which are a class of compounds containing an azomethine group (-C=N-), have drawn attention for a long time due to their biological activities [1]. Copper (II) complexes are known to be effective against rheumatoid arthritis and they show anti-ulcer activity [11,12]. This is significant because gastrointestinal irritation often precludes treatment by other antiarthritic drugs. This is in line with the role of copper in generally preventing gastrointestinal damage by acidic anti-inflammatory agents [12]

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion