Abstract
The study investigates acute toxicity and anti-diabetic potential of solvents extract (n-hexane, Chloroform, Ethyl acetate and Methanol) of Adansonia digitata stem bark. For each solvent, twelve (12) rats were used for Oral LD 50 determination, and were grouped into four (4) groups of three rats (3) each. The first three groups were administered with 10 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg body weight of the extract respectively, while the last group was subdivided into three groups of one rat each and were administered with 2500mg/kg, 3500mg/kg and 5000mg/kg body weight of the extract respectively. Thirty (35) rats were used for the diabetic study and were grouped into seven (7) groups of six (5) rats each. Group I served as normal control, group II served as diabetic control while Groups III, IV, V, VI and VII were induced with diabetes and administered with standard drug, n-hexane, Chloroform, Ethyl acetate and Methanol extract respectively for two weeks. The research found the oral LD 50 of all the extract to be greater than 5000mg/kg indicating that the extract was practically non-toxic. Administration of the extract to test groups shows a significant (p<0.05) decrease in blood glucose level in chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extract administered groups compared to diabetic control with ethyl acetate extract having the highest activity. It also ameliorate liver toxicity by decreasing the serum level of liver enzymes. Thus indicating a hypoglycemic activity by the extract, Keywords: Acute toxicity; Adansonia digitata ; Antidiabetic; Solvents Extract and Streptozotocin. DOI: 10.7176/ALST/89-04 Publication date: August 31 st 2021
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus, a chronic non-communicable disease is ranked 7th killer disease in the world with an estimated of over 420 million people affected as reported by
Principle of laboratory animal care [6] and ethical guidelines for investigation of experimental pain in conscious animals [7] were observed during experimentation. 2.1.2 Collection and extraction of the plant material Adansonia digitata stem barks was collected from Yobe State University, Damaturu
The result for LD50 determination is presented in table 1
Summary
A chronic non-communicable disease is ranked 7th killer disease in the world with an estimated of over 420 million people affected as reported by. Diabetes is due to either the pancreas is not producing enough insulin, or the cells of the body are not responding properly to the insulin produced. Type 1 DM results from the body's failure to produce enough insulin. Referred to as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or juvenile diabetes. It is a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the immune system attacks the insulin-secreting cells in the pancreas resulting in massive death of β-cells. Type 2 DM begins with insulin resistance, a condition in which cells fail to respond to insulin properly. Gestational diabetes is the third main form and occurs when pregnant women without a previous history of diabetes develop a high blood glucose level. Symptoms of untreated diabetes includes weight loss, frequent urination, increased thirst, increased hunger, blurry vision, headache, fatigue, slow healing of cuts, and itchy skin [3]
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