Acute Subdural Hematoma after Isolated Traumatic Brain Injury: Risk Factors and Prediction of Mortality

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine mortality and it‘s risk factors also prediction of lethal outcome in case of acute subdural hematoma after isolated traumatic brain injury (ITBI). Methods. A retrospective study of 162 patients after ITBI was carried out in Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit (NITS) of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Hospital (LUHSH) Kaunas Clinics (KC). Demographic (gender, age), clinical (pupil reaction to light, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, APACHE II scale score) and laboratory (white blood cell count, glycemia) data analysis on the first day after the injury was made. Conclusions. The mortality rate of acute subdural hematoma after isolated traumatic brain injury was 41 pct. Risk factors of mortality were estimated to be patient age ≥ 65 yrs, absence of pupil reaction to light, GCS 3-8, APACHE II score ≥ 16 points, white blood cell count ≥10,1 x 109/l and glycemia ≥5,6mmol/l. It was estimated the evident relation between predicted lethal outcome and real mortality when the risk of lethal outcome was higher than 25 pct.