Acute Skin Wounds Treated with Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Biopolymer Compositions Alone and in Combination: Evaluation of Agent Efficacy and Analysis of Healing Mechanisms

Ekaterina Silina,Zalim Balkizov,Konstantin Koreyba,Natalia Manturova,Vitaly Vasin,Alexander Saltykov,Victor Stupin,Petr Litvitskiy

doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics13101534

Ekaterina Silina, Zalim Balkizov + Show 6 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13101534

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Abstract

We studied the efficacy of using mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and a polymeric compound (based on chitosan and cellulose with integrated cerium dioxide nanoparticles (PCCD)) in wound healing, and to compare the effects with various invasive and external drugs used for the same purpose. Two wounds were made on the backs of each of 112 Wistar rats, removing the skin. Eight groups were studied: Control_0—intact wounds; Control_ss—0.9% NaCl injections; MSC injections; Control_msc—intact wounds on the opposite side of the body from the MSC group; external application of the PCCD; external application of a combination of the drugs PCCD + MSC; DCh –ointment Dioxomethyltetrahydropyrimidine + Chloramphenicol; and DHCB—injections of a deproteinized hemoderivative of calf blood. After 14 days, we evaluated the state and size of the wounds, studied the level of microcirculation, performed a histological study, and identified and counted the different types of cells. The most effective remedy was combination PCCD + MSC. The treatments in the PCCD and MSC groups were more effective than in the DHCB and DCh groups. Invasive drugs and DCh slowed the regeneration process. DHCB did not affect the rate of healing for acute wounds without ischemia during the first week. The proven efficacy of developed polymeric compounds demonstrates the feasibility of further studies in clinical practice.

Highlights

IntroductionOne compelling explanation is the increased number of surgical operations in the world, as well as the increased number of wounds caused by domestic disputes and military actions, which are responsible for a somatically healthy person receiving an acute wound [1,2,3]
Among all the wound treatment options we studied, the best result was with the use of PCCD + mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), from which we conclude that treatment with PCCD + MSC
The smallest number of leukocytes recorded on Day 3 was in the MSC, PCCD + MSC, and PCCD groups

Summary

Introduction

One compelling explanation is the increased number of surgical operations in the world, as well as the increased number of wounds caused by domestic disputes and military actions, which are responsible for a somatically healthy person receiving an acute wound [1,2,3]. Added to this is the trend of increased life expectancy, and comorbidity, which is accompanied by a growing prevalence of chronic trophic ulcers of various etiologies that are becoming an acute clinical problem [4,5,6]. Despite the constantly increasing number of drugs and methods used to treat wounds, the problem of effective regeneration has not yet been

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