Acute Rise of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids During Hemodialysis Treatment

Abstract

Hemodialysis patients have an extremely high rate of cardiac arrhythmia-induced sudden cardiac death, although the risk during the hemodialysis procedure is relatively low. A higher blood content of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is believed to reduce the risk of sudden cardiac death. We performed this study to measure the effect of a single-standard hemodialysis treatment on plasma and erythrocyte omega-3 PUFA levels in chronic hemodialysis patients. This was a prospective, observational study. The study was performed in one outpatient hemodialysis unit. Study subjects were all chronic, stable hemodialysis patients. There were no interventions. Plasma and erythrocyte fatty-acid levels were measured before and immediately after a hemodialysis session. Plasma levels of long-chain PUFAs, including the omega-3 fatty acids of interest, all rose, whereas those of shorter-chain or more saturated fatty acids either remained unchanged or fell. A similar trend was seen in erythrocytes, though the results did not reach statistical significance. The hemodialysis procedure induces acute increases of long-chain omega-3 PUFAs in the blood. This effect may help explain why malignant cardiac arrhythmias occur relatively infrequently during hemodialysis.