Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in glycaemic reaction in response to various physical activities in 20 young boys (14.4 ± 1.6 years) with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and with either vitamin D deficiency or with suboptimal levels of vitamin D. Participants were divided into two groups (deficiency group—DG, n = 10; suboptimal group—SG, n = 10) according to their vitamin D levels. All patients performed aerobic and mixed (aerobic-anaerobic) physical efforts. During the exercise, the respiratory responses and glucose levels were monitored. Biochemical blood analyses were performed before each physical effort. The oxygen consumption was not significantly lower in SG during both aerobic and mixed effort (4.0% and 5.6%, respectively). The glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level was higher by 6.1% and the total daily dose of insulin (DDI) was higher by 18.4% in the DG. The differences were not statistically significant. Patients with lower vitamin D levels demonstrated an insignificantly higher glycaemic variability during days with both aerobic and mixed exercises. An appropriate vitamin D concentration in T1DM patients’ blood may constitute a prophylactic factor for hyperglycaemia during anaerobic training and hypoglycaemia during aerobic training.
Highlights
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease in which the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas are destroyed by effector lymphocytes sensitized to pancreatic antigens [1].An increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), observed in Poland during the last 20 years, has led to the fact thatT1DM is the most common non-infectious chronic disease in the population under the age of 18 years in Europe
Yuan et al [4] have proved that higher vitamin D concentrations are related with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes development, suggesting that vitamin D plays an important role in increase of insulin sensitivity in patients with carbohydrate metabolism disorder
HbA1c level was higher by 6.1% and a total daily dose of insulin (DDI) was higher by 18.4% in the DG group in comparison with the SG group
Summary
An increasing incidence of T1DM, observed in Poland during the last 20 years, has led to the fact that. T1DM is the most common non-infectious chronic disease in the population under the age of 18 years in Europe. The highest incidence rate is reported in developing countries of Middle-East Europe, including Poland [2]. In the light of epidemiological data from years 1989–2004, it is presumed that the incidence of T1DM will increase fourfold until 2025, in the group of children at the age 5–9 [1]. Yuan et al [4] have proved that higher vitamin D concentrations are related with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes development, suggesting that vitamin D plays an important role in increase of insulin sensitivity in patients with carbohydrate metabolism disorder
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