Abstract
The goal of our study was to assess acute respiratory responses to using e-cigarettes in exclusive e-cigarette users (E-Group) and dual users (T/E-Group) and to compare these effects with responses to smoking tobacco-cigarettes in tobacco smokers (T-Group). The study included 120 adults (age: 21.7 ± 2.1 years) divided into 4 groups (n = 30 each): Controls, T-, E-, T/E-Group. Spirometric status, O2 saturation, exhaled FeNO levels, exhaled CO levels, and airway temperature were assessed before the use of an e-cigarette (E-, T/E-Group) or tobacco cigarette as well as ‘minute 1’ and ‘minute 30’ after smoking. Controls used an e-cigarette without e-liquid. Lower (p < 0.05) baseline values of FeNO were found in T-Group (15.4 ppb) and in T/E-Group (15.0 ppb) than in Controls (19.6 ppb). Following exposure, and compared with Controls, T-, and T/E-Group had a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in PEF and MEF75. Mean FeNO values decreased on ‘minute 1’ in T-Group (by 2.1 ppb), E-Group (by 1.5 ppb) and in T/E-Group (by 2.2 ppb). Other effects included increase in temperature of exhaled air (p < 0.05). The use of e-cigarettes is associated with decreased FeNO and airflow indices (PEF, MEF75), but an increase in airway temperature. These changes are similar to those after exposure to tobacco cigarette smoke.
Highlights
The electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) is an electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS), which is one of alternatives to traditional tobacco cigarettes[1]
The current knowledge regarding potential health consequences of e-cigarette use is based on experimental animal studies or short-term studies, assessing the acute effects of exposure to the aerosol generated during e-cigarette use[9,10,11,12,13,14,15]
Compared with the control group, lower values of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were found in T-Group (p = 0.01) and in T/E- Group (p = 0.006)
Summary
The electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) is an electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS), which is one of alternatives to traditional tobacco cigarettes[1]. Because e-cigarettes have only been on the market for a short time, the results from long-term observational studies are not available. The current knowledge regarding potential health consequences of e-cigarette use is based on experimental animal studies or short-term studies, assessing the acute effects of exposure to the aerosol generated during e-cigarette use[9,10,11,12,13,14,15]. The goal of our study was to assess acute, short term respiratory responses (airflow, FeNO, O2 saturation, exhaled air temperature) to using an e-cigarette in exclusive e-smokers and dual users and to compare these effects with responses to smoking a tobacco-cigarette in exclusive tobacco smokers
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