Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common syndrome in intensive care units, proper diagnosis and understandingof pathophysiology with the corresponding management positively affect the outcomes of patients with ARDS. The pathophysiology of ARDS is complex and involves a series of multiple biomolecular agents. There are multiple definitionsof ARDS, the last assigned being the Berlin definition. There are some unknown aspects regarding ARDS that willbe recognized within a few years of research. The purpose of this review is refresh some aspects as pathophysiology andclassification about ARDS.
Highlights
Acute Distress respiratory syndrome (ARDS) is a frequent disease at intensive care unit (ICU), mostly secondary to sepsis
The incidence of ALI and Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has been difficult to calculate because there are not uniform definitions about them, as it varies according to its etiology and other demographic factors, on the other hand there’s lack of reporting and underdiagnoses
Other studies argue that 6.5% of patients with ALI / ARDS according to the American-European Consensus (AECC) are not classified in ARDS according to the definition of Berlin by the fact that they have PEEP < 5 cm H20 [35] the panel of definition reports 12% [36], by definition moderate and severe ARDS are not with no-invasive ventilation (NIV), mortality at 28 days of mild and moderate ARDS is similar, and higher PEEP was not associated with higher survival
Summary
Acute Distress respiratory syndrome (ARDS) is a frequent disease at intensive care unit (ICU), mostly secondary to sepsis. The syndrome it’s similar to other diseases in ICU, but the pathophysiology is different. The intensivist is responsible for a proper diagnosis, exist multiple definitions that are established, the objective of those definitions are maintain statistical data. ARDS is the worst manifestation secondary to pulmonary injury, after that a systemic reaction occurs that includes acute injury and systemic inflammation. ALI and ARDS must be considered as first manifestation in an infectious or inflammatory process. The lung is important in systemic injury because it receive all cardiac output and the incorrect function of the lung is clinically fast and relevant
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