Abstract
Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency (HIV) is a risk factor often associated with the occurrence of Acute Renal Failure (ARF). Objectives: To describe the profile of Acute Renal Failure (ARF) in HIV-infected patients and compare them to non-infected patients. Patients and Methods: It was a prospective study from January 2018 to February 2019 that took place in the nephrology, infectious diseases and internal medicine departments of the Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital Center in Lome (Togo). Results: The prevalence of ARF in HIV-infected patients was 48.07%. HIV-infected patients had an average age of 46.9 ± 11.6 years (p = 0.36) compared to 44.0 ± 20.4 years for non-HIV infected patients. Female sex was predominant in the HIV-infected population with a sex ratio H/F of 0.6 (p < 0.0001) versus 2.9 for the non-infected. The reasons for admission were such as fever (28%), digestive disorders (56%) were more common in HIV-infected patients than non-infected patients (11.1%, 37%). Infected patients had more diarrhea than non-infected patients (24% versus 7.4%) with p = 0.01. They showed more signs of infections than uninfected patients (40% versus 18.5%) with P = 0.02. HIV infection was known before admission in 96% of cases. Patients whose HIV was known before admission had hypertension (16.7%), diabetes (12.5%) and CD4 count < 200 (/mm3) in 50% of cases. HIV infected patients had more anemia (52.0% versus 22.2%) with p = 0.002. Conclusion: No deaths were recorded in the HIV-infected group.
Highlights
Human Immunodeficiency (HIV) is a risk factor often associated with the occurrence of Acute Renal Failure (ARF)
HIV infection was known before admission in 96% of cases
Patients whose HIV was known before admission had hypertension (16.7%), diabetes (12.5%) and CD4 count < 200 (/mm3) in 50% of cases
Summary
Human Immunodeficiency (HIV) is a risk factor often associated with the occurrence of Acute Renal Failure (ARF). Objectives: To describe the profile of Acute Renal Failure (ARF) in HIV-infected patients and compare them to non-infected patients. Results: The prevalence of ARF in HIV-infected patients was 48.07%. The reasons for admission were such as fever (28%), digestive disorders (56%) were more common in HIV-infected patients than non-infected patients (11.1%, 37%). Before the introduction of HAART, opportunistic infections and deep immunosuppression were the most common conditions associated with episodes of acute renal failure (ARF) [3]. In Togo, no studies on the prevalence of ARF in HIV-infected patients have yet been conducted. It is a question of looking for the particularities of ARF in HIV-infected patients and comparing them to non-infected patients
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