Acute pulmonary embolism: comparison and integration of perfusion lung scintigraphy with multislice spiral CT

Abstract

This study compared and integrated the data from perfusion lung scintigraphy and multislice computed tomography (CT) for the emergency diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism in nuclear medicine and radiology departments operating around the clock. One hundred and seven patients with a clinical and laboratory suspicion of acute pulmonary embolism who had already undergone chest radiography were divided into four groups according to the time interval between onset of clinical suspicion and performance of the two diagnostic examinations (0-24 h, 24-48 h, 0-48 h, 2-7 days). Cohen's test for the analysis of statistical concordance was used. Perfusion lung scintigraphy and multislice CT were positive in 29/107 (27.1%) and negative in 78/107 (72.89%). Positive concordance (PC) was found in 22 cases and negative concordance (NC) in 71 cases: 0-24 h: PC in 12, NC in 32 cases; 24-48 h: PC in 3, NC in 15 cases; 0-48 h: PC in 15, NC in 47 cases; 2-7 days: PC in 7, NC in 24 cases. Perfusion lung scintigraphy and multislice CT demonstrated elevated concordance if performed within 7 days of the onset of suspicion of acute pulmonary embolism. Concordance was higher if the examinations were completed within 24-48 h. In suspected acute pulmonary embolism, it is mandatory to reach a correct diagnosis within few hours--48 at the most.