Abstract
Adipokines, including leptin, visfatin, adiponectin, and interleukin-6 (IL)-6, play multiple roles in the pathophysiology of epilepsy and febrile seizures (FS). We aimed to investigate the associations among plasma adipokines, mainly leptin, visfatin, adiponectin, or IL-6, and the prognosis of FS. This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2018 at the Wuxi Second People' Hospital China. The levels of serum leptin, visfatin, adiponectin, and IL-6 in 55 children with FS (FS group) were compared with 42 febrile children without seizure (FC group) and 48 healthy children (HC group) in an acute phase. The correlation with clinical indicators was determined by logistic regression analysis. Serum adiponectin and IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the FS group than in the FC and HC groups (p < 0.05), but there was no statistical difference between the FC and HC groups. In addition, logistic regression analysis showed that high concentrations of adiponectin and IL-6 were significantly associated with the occurrence of FS. For leptin and visfatin, they were significantly lower in the FS and FC groups than in the normal control group, but there was no statistical difference between the FS and FC groups. Our results suggest that higher plasma levels of IL-6 and adiponectin may serve as an additional biomarker in the early treatment or follow-up of the FS children.
Highlights
Febrile seizures (FS) are one of the most common clinical diseases in pediatric neurology
The FS, FC, and healthy controls (HCs) groups were found to be comparable with regard to the age, the ratios of sex, white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil ratio, C-reactive protein (CRP), and serum glucose (p > 0.05)
Serum leptin and visfatin levels in the FS and FC groups were significantly lower than those in the HC group (P < 0.01), but there was no difference between the FS and FC groups
Summary
Febrile seizures (FS) are one of the most common clinical diseases in pediatric neurology. It occurs between 6 months and 6 years of age and occurs in ∼2–5% of children in the United States and Western Europe, ∼5–14% in Asian countries, and 3–5% in China [1,2,3]. 30–50% of cases may reoccur after the first attack, and the risk of FS turning into epilepsy is 4–5 times that of the general population [4]. Repeated FS can lead to brain injuries, such as motor dysfunction, language disability, behavioral cognitive impairment, and higher risk of epilepsy [4, 5]
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