Acute orange pomace consumption diminishes postprandial glycemic responses in healthy men

Abstract

Orange pomace (OP) is an edible part of waste streams generated from juice processing. It can be a high potential nutrient source. We hypothesized that OP would diminish postprandial glycemic responses to a high carbohydrate/fat breakfast and lunch. We conducted an acute, randomized, placebo controlled, double blind, crossover trial with 34 healthy men (52.1 ± 7.7 y; BMI, 27.7 ± 1.5 kg/m2). Subjects were randomized to consume 255 g placebo (PL), low [(35% OP) LOP] and high [(77%) HOP] dose OP beverage with breakfast (51 g fat, 64 g CHO, 777 kcal). Blood was collected at 0, 0.17, 0.34, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5, 7, and 8 h. Lunch (30 g fat, 60 g CHO, 628 kcal) was consumed after the 5.5-h blood draw. OP delayed the time (Tmax) to the maximum concentration (Cmax) of blood glucose during the 2-h period post breakfast by ≥36% from 33 (PL) to 45 (HOP) and 47 (LOP) min (P = 0.055 and 0.013, respectively) while the Cmax was not altered. OP did not modify the overall area under time curve (AUC) of blood glucose though values were lower in most periods after the HOP. OP decreased post-breakfast insulin Cmax by ≥10% in a dose-dependent manner and LOP delayed the Tmax by 14 min vs. PL at 46 min (P ≤0.05). HOP reduced the first 2-h insulin AUC by 23% vs. PL and tended to decrease the overall AUC. Thus, OP diminishes postprandial glycemic responses to a high carbohydrate/fat breakfast and lunch in a dose-dependent manner and may enhance insulin efficacy. Support or Funding Information USDA & PepsiCo Postprandial insulin kinetics Postprandial glucose kinetics