Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine LD50 and establish the safety of ink squid and cuttlefish hydrolysates. In the acute toxicity study, three groups of female rats were randomly assigned. One group served as the control and two groups orally received a single limiting dose (2000 mg/kg body weight) of ink hydrolysates. There were no signs of adverse toxicity observed in behavioural patterns, clinical signs, and no significant differences (p>0.05) between the control and treated rats regarding their food and water consumption and body weight for up to 14 days. The histopathological evaluation revealed a normal structure and the absence of noticeable lesions in the vital organs of treated animals. It can be concluded that LD50 value is greater than 2000 mg/kg. The results showed that the squid ink powder enzyme hydrolysate (SIPEHs) and cuttlefish ink powder enzyme hydrolysate (CIPEHs) possess low toxicity, as indicated in the rat model. The preliminary results suggested that it should be further evaluated for long-term use and repeated dose effects to support the safe use of these hydrolysates.
Highlights
Cephalopods, including squid, cuttlefish and octopus, are vital economic resources for global fisheries and the main delicacy in export markets (Kechaou et al, 2015)
The squid ink powder and cuttlefish ink powder were dissolved in buffer solution and hydrolyzed using Alcalase® and Papain (E.C.3.4.22.2, from Carica papaya, 3000 USP-U/mg) at 3% (w/v) enzyme/substrate ratio, respectively
The limit dose of (2000 mg/kg body weight) of squid ink powder enzyme hydrolysate (SIPEHs) and cuttlefish ink powder enzyme hydrolysate (CIPEHs) did not cause any sign of toxicity during the 14 days of the experiment
Summary
Cephalopods, including squid, cuttlefish and octopus, are vital economic resources for global fisheries and the main delicacy in export markets (Kechaou et al, 2015). The increased exploitation of squid generates a considerable number of by-products and is eventually discarded, yet they are rich in bioactive nitrogenous compounds. These by-products represent 40% of total body weight, including head, viscera, ink, skin and bones (Wang et al, 2019). Wang et al (2019) expressed an interest in comparative studies of melanogenesis in squid ink. Melanin is a melanoprotein containing 10-15% protein composed of essential and non-essential amino acids in squid ink (Lestari et al, 2019)
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