Acute myeloid leukemia with inv(16)(p13.1q22) and deletion of the 5\u2019MYH11/3\u2019CBFB gene fusion: a report of two cases and literature review

Lili Lv,Jingwei Yu,Zhongxia Qi

doi:10.1186/s13039-020-0474-9

Abstract

BackgroundAbnormalities of chromosome 16 are found in about 5–8% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The AML with inv(16)(p13.1q22) or t (16;16)(p13.1;q22) is associated with a high rate of complete remission (CR) and favorable overall survival (OS) when treated with high-dose Cytarabine. At the inversion breakpoints, deletion of 3’CBFB has been reported, but most of them were studied by chromosome and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses. The genomic characteristics of such deletions remain largely undefined, hindering further understanding of the clinical significance of the deletions.Case presentationWe report here two AML cases with inv(16) and deletion of the 5’MYH11/3’CBFB gene fusion, which were characterized by chromosome, FISH, and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray analyses. Both cases have achieved CR for more than three years.ConclusionsDeletion of 3’CBFB in AML with inv(16) is also accompanied with deletion of 5’MYH11 in all the cases studied by SNP microarray, suggesting that 3’CBFB and 5’MYH11 were most likely deleted together as a fusion product of inv(16) instead of occurring separately. In concert with the findings of other published studies of similar patients, our study suggests that deletion of 5’MYH11/3’CBFB in AML with inv(16) may not have negative impact on the prognosis of the disease.

Highlights

Abnormalities of chromosome 16 are found in about 5–8% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
In concert with the findings of other published studies of similar patients, our study suggests that deletion of 5’MYH11/3’CBFB in AML with inv(16) may not have negative impact on the prognosis of the disease
single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray analysis Genomic DNA was extracted from bone marrow (BM) using QIAGEN EZ1 kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany)

Summary

Introduction

Abnormalities of chromosome 16 are found in about 5–8% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Deletion of 3’CBFB has been reported, but most of them were studied by chromosome and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses. Case presentation: We report here two AML cases with inv(16) and deletion of the 5’MYH11/3’CBFB gene fusion, which were characterized by chromosome, FISH, and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray analyses. Both cases have achieved CR for more than three years. Additional chromosome changes and/or gene mutations, such as + 22, + 8, deletion of 7q, and the CBL, FLT3, KIT gene mutations, are frequently found in AML with inv(16). The genomic characteristics of the vast majority of the reported 3’CBFB deletions were undefined

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion