Acute Myeloid Leukemia Presenting as Subcutaneous and Epidural Granulocytic Sarcoma Inside and Outside of the Frontal Bone

Abstract

An 18 year-old male was admitted to our hospital suffering from a large tumor which was located at the right frontal bone. He was diagnosed to have acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with granulocytic sarcoma (GS). A chromosomal analysis showed t (8 ; 21), and a flow cytometric analysis demonstrated the leukemic cells to be positive for CD56. Systemic chemotherapy and radiation therapy to the GS, but the patient experienced a relapse in the lumbar vertebrae. He underwent an umbilical-cord blood stem cell transplantation, however, he died 7 months thereafter. GS is a localized tumor consisting of leukemic myelolasts, which is generally observed as a complication of either AML, myelodysplastic syndrome, or myelobproliferative disorders. We herein report this case due to its rarity, even though various sites of GS have been reported.