Abstract
Combined epidural anesthesia with general anesthesia is the preferred anesthetic technique for lower limb surgery as well as lower abdominal, genitourinary and perineal surgery in children. This case report below depicts a rare complication: acute myelitis. It occurred following surgical correction of hypospadias (first stage) under combined caudal epidural anesthesia with general anesthesia in an Eight-months-old infant, weighing 9.8 kilograms, with no surgical/anesthetic history, without known allergies, previously healthy, with adequate developmental milestones, physical examination without abnormalities, without difficult airway predictors, with adequate fasting time and normal laboratorial exams. Some etiologies for this case report have been suggested such as spinal cord trauma, infectious and vascular causes, local anesthetic and noxious chemicals neurotoxicity and demyelinating diseases. In spite of thorough scrutiny, we were not able to define a single cause for the clinical manifestations. In this setting, the treatment goal was to provide support measures and rehabilitation of neurological deficits.
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